Chúng ta cần thận trọng khi sử dụng từ chỉ lượng, cần xem xét
danh từ chính là Danh từ đếm được hay Danh từ không đếm được.
I. BẢNG TỪ CHỈ SỐ LƯỢNG
Epressions of Quantity
|
Used with Countable Nouns
|
Used with Uncountable Nouns
|
One
Each
every
|
One apple
Each apple
Every apple
|
No
No
No
|
Two, etc.
Both
A couple of
A few
Several
Many
A number of
A great/large number of
|
Two apples
Both apples
A couple of apples
A few apples
Several apples
Many apples
A number of apples
A large number of apples
|
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
|
A little
Much
A great deal of
Quite a bit of
|
No
No
No
|
A little rice
Much rice
A great deal of rice
Quite a bit of rice
|
No
Some/any
A lot of/ lots of
Plenty of
Most
All
A lack of
Not all the....
Almost none of the...
|
No apples
Some/any apples
A lot of/ lots of apples
Plenty of apples
Most apples
All apples
A lack of apples
Not all the apples
Almost none of the apples
|
No rice
Some/any rice
A lot of/ lots of rice
Plenty of rice
Most rice
All rice
A lack of rice
Not all the rice
Almost none of the rice
|
Lưu
ý: "Much"
thường chỉ được sử dụng trong câu phủ định, câu hỏi và câu mang nghĩa tiêu cực
Ví dụ: I don't
have much money.
II. FEW/ LITTLE
·
A
few và Few được dùng với danh từ đếm được. Theo sau chúng là danh từ ở dạng số nhiều.
·
A
little và Little được
dùng với danh từ không đếm được
A few
|
“A few” và “a
little” mang nghĩa tích cực, chúng diễn tả sự vật, sự việc đang có, đang
tồn tại ở hiện thực.
|
She has been here
only two weeks but she has already made a few friends.
|
A little
|
I’m very pleased.
I’ve been able to save a little money this month. (I have saved some money instead of
spending all of it)
|
|
Few
|
“Few” và “Little”
mang nghĩa tiêu cực; chúng diễn tả sự mất mát, thiếu thốn gì đó.
Nếu thêm very
+ little/few sẽ gia tăng nghĩa tiêu cực.
|
I feel sorry for
her. She has (very) few friends. (
=> tiêu
cực)
|
Little
|
I have (very) litle
money. I don’t even have enough money to buy food for dinner.
(I do not have much
money. I have almost no money.)
|
III. USING "OF"
1. NHỮNG TỪ CHỈ LƯỢNG LUÔN CHỨA “OF”
|
|||||||
A lot of
Lots of
|
A number of
A great deal of
|
A majority of
A minority of
Plenty of
|
|||||
Ví dụ: A lot
of books are paperback.
A
lot of my books are paperback.
Sai:A lot books are paperback.
|
|||||||
2. NHỮNG TỪ CHỈ LƯỢNG CÓ THỂ CHƯA HOẶC KHÔNG CHỨA “OF”
|
|||||||
All (of)
Most (of)
Almost all (of)
|
Many (of)
Much (of)
A few (of)
A little (of)
|
One (of)
Two (of)
Three (of)
|
Both (of)
Several (of)
|
Some (of)
Any (of)
|
|||
Ví dụ: Many
of my books are in English.
Many
of the books on that shelf are in English.
Sai: Many of books are in English
|
·
Of được sử dụng với các từ chỉ lượng khi
danh từ đã được xác định. Một danh từ xác định khi nó theo sau:
·
Tính
từ sở hữu: my, John’s…
·
Các
từ chỉ định: This, that, those, these..
·
Mạo
từ xác định: The
|
||||||
Many books are in
English.
|
·
Of không được sử dụng với các từ chỉ lượng nếu
danh từ chưa xác định.
·
Trong
ví dụ, người nói không đề cập đến your books, these
books mà đề cập đến “books” như một danh từ chung.
|
||||||
Lưu ý:
1. "Both" và
"All" là từ chỉ lượng đặc biệt. Nếu danh từ theo sau được xác định
thì ta có thể thêm “Of” hoặc không. Nhưng nếu danh từ
không xác định thì ta KHÔNG được thêm “Of”.
Ví dụ: Đúng: All
of the staffs in my office must have an ID card.
Đúng: All the staffs in my office must have an ID card.
Sai: All of staffs must have an ID card
2. The most (so sánh nhất) được sử dụng
trong những câu so sánh từ 2 chủ thể trở lên và Không được thêm Of liền sau
“the most” trong bất kỳ trường hợp nào.
Luyện tập
Bài tập 1: Hoàn
thành những câu sau với “some” hoặc “any”:
1. We didn’t buy …………flowers.
2. This evening I’m going out with ………….friends of mine.
3. “Have you seen ………..good films recently?” – “No, I haven’t been to the cinema for ages”.
4. I didn’t have ……………money, so I had to borrow………..
5. Can I have ………a………..milk in my coffee, please?
6. I was too tired to do………work.
2. This evening I’m going out with ………….friends of mine.
3. “Have you seen ………..good films recently?” – “No, I haven’t been to the cinema for ages”.
4. I didn’t have ……………money, so I had to borrow………..
5. Can I have ………a………..milk in my coffee, please?
6. I was too tired to do………work.
Bài tập 2: Hoàn thành câu với “much, many, few, a few, little, a little”
1. He isn’t very popular. He has ………..friends.
2. Ann is very busy these days. She has ………..free time.
3. Did you take …………….photographs when you were on holiday?
4. The museum was very crowded. There were too………..people.
5. Most of the town is modern. There are …………..old buidings.
6. We must be quick. We have………..time.
7. Listen carefully, I’m going to give you ……….advice.
8. Do you mind if I ask you……….questions?
9. This town is not a very interesting place to visit, so …….tourists come here.
10. I don’t think Jill would be a good teacher. She’s got …………..patience.
11. “Would you like milk in your coffee?” - “yes, please. ………….”
12. This is a very boring place to live. There’s ………….to do.
2. Ann is very busy these days. She has ………..free time.
3. Did you take …………….photographs when you were on holiday?
4. The museum was very crowded. There were too………..people.
5. Most of the town is modern. There are …………..old buidings.
6. We must be quick. We have………..time.
7. Listen carefully, I’m going to give you ……….advice.
8. Do you mind if I ask you……….questions?
9. This town is not a very interesting place to visit, so …….tourists come here.
10. I don’t think Jill would be a good teacher. She’s got …………..patience.
11. “Would you like milk in your coffee?” - “yes, please. ………….”
12. This is a very boring place to live. There’s ………….to do.
Bài tập 3: Điền “of” vào những câu dưới đây nếu cần thiết.
1. All……….cars have wheels.
2. None………this money is mine.
3. Some……..people get angry very easily.
4. Some……….the people I met at the party were very interesting.
5. I have lived in London most………my life.
6. Are any………those letters for me?
7. Most………days I get up before 7 o’clock.
8. Jim thinks that all……museums are boring.
2. None………this money is mine.
3. Some……..people get angry very easily.
4. Some……….the people I met at the party were very interesting.
5. I have lived in London most………my life.
6. Are any………those letters for me?
7. Most………days I get up before 7 o’clock.
8. Jim thinks that all……museums are boring.
Bài tập 4: Hoàn thành những câu sau với “some” hoặc “any”:
1. We didn’t buy …………flowers.
2. This evening I’m going out with ………….friends of mine.
3. “Have you seen ………..good films recently?” – “No, I haven’t been to the cinema for ages”.
4. I didn’t have ……………money, so I had to borrow………..
5. Can I have ………milk in my coffee, please?
6. I was too tired to do………work.
Bài tập 5: Hoàn thành câu với “much, many, few, a few,
little, a little”
1. He isn’t very
popular. He has ………..friends.
2. Ann is very busy these days. She has ………..free time.
3. Did you take …………….photographs when you were on holiday?
4. The museum was very crowded. There were too………..people.
5. Most of the town is modern. There are …………..old buidings.
6. We must be quick. We have………..time.
7. Listen carefully, I’m going to give you ……….advice.
8. Do you mind if I ask you……….questions?
9. This town is not a very interesting place to visit, so …….tourists come here.
10. I don’t think Jill would be a good teacher. She’s got …………..patience.
11. “Would you like milk in your coffee?” – “yes, please. ………….”
12. This is a very boring place to live. There’s ………….to do.
2. Ann is very busy these days. She has ………..free time.
3. Did you take …………….photographs when you were on holiday?
4. The museum was very crowded. There were too………..people.
5. Most of the town is modern. There are …………..old buidings.
6. We must be quick. We have………..time.
7. Listen carefully, I’m going to give you ……….advice.
8. Do you mind if I ask you……….questions?
9. This town is not a very interesting place to visit, so …….tourists come here.
10. I don’t think Jill would be a good teacher. She’s got …………..patience.
11. “Would you like milk in your coffee?” – “yes, please. ………….”
12. This is a very boring place to live. There’s ………….to do.
Bài 6: Choose
the best answer to complete these following sentences.
1. There is
_______water in the bottle.
A. little B. a few C. any D.
many
2. I have
______money, not enough to buy groceries.
A. a lot of B. little C. any D.
many
3. I have
________money, enough to buy a ticket.
A. a lot of B. little C. many D. a
little
4. She has
_______books, not enough for references.
A. few B. a few C. many D. little
5. She has
_______books, enough to read.
A. many B. few C. a few D. a
little
6. There _______
traffic on the street at rush hours.
A. are too many B.is too much C. are too alot D. are too little
7. He bought _______furniture
for her new apartment which she has bought recently.
A. many B. few C. much D. a few
8. _________ the
people I work with are very friendly.
A. some B. some of C. a little of D. a few
9. _________these
money is mine.
A. some B. a few of C. many D. none
of
10. We didn’t spend
__________money
A. many B. some C. much D. a few
11. There are
_________people there.
A. too many B. too a little C. too much D.too little
12. Do you know
________people in this neighbourhood.
A. much B. a little C. many D.little
13. Would you like
_________to eat?
A. something B. anything C.everything D.nothing
14. I can’t find it
___________.
A. somewhere B. nowhere C.everyplace D.anywhere
15. I like him
__________.
A. so many B. any much C.so much D.so some
16. We must be
quick. There is ________time left.
A. much B. many C.a lot of D. little
17. Let’s go and
have a drink we have _______time left.
A. much B. a little C.a lot of D. little
18. There is a
telephone in _______room of the house.
A. every B. each C.some D. A and
B are correct
19. You should read
_______sentence carefully.
A. every B. some C.many D. a lot
of
20. _________ has
right to vote.
A. something B. everyone C.many people D. some people
21. Both men
________interested in this job in the interview yesterday.
A. are B. was C.were D. is
22. There are four
books on the table .________has a different colour.
A. Every B. Each C.Many D. Some
23. He has two
bookstores. One is in Thac Mo. _________is in Phuoc Binh
A. other B. the others C.another D. the other
24.
________restaurant is expensive.
A. some B. either C.neither D. any
25. Did you take
_______ photographs when you were on holiday.
A. some B. either C.much D. many
26. The news has
_________information.
A. much B. many C.some D. any
27. We ‘ll hurry We
haven’t got ________time left.
A. some B. many C. much D. any
28. I don’t have
________friends in Ha Noi
A. some B. any C. much D. no
29. We didn’t buy
________flowers yesterday.
A. some B. many C. much D. any
30. There
___________ at the door.
A. is somebody B. is anybody C. is everybody D. isn’t nobody
31. She went out
without_________money.
A. any B. many C. much D. some
32. There are _________in
the hall.
A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. some people
33. I’m not hungry.
I don’t want _________to eat.
A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing
34. She didn’t take
_________money with her.
A. any B. many C. much D. A and
C are right
35. Has
__________body seen my bags?
A. somebody B. any person C. anybody D. some people
36. Can I have
_________sugar please.
A. any B. some C. much D. little
37. Let me know if
you need ______help.
A. any B. many C. some D. A and
B are right
38. Some one has
forgotten ________umbrella.
A. them B. their C. they D.
theirs
39. The house were
empty. There is _________living here.
A. someone B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody
40. I don’t have
________relatives in these strange place.
A. any B. some C. a little D. much
41. I’m so hungry.
I could eat __________.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. every things
42. The exam was
quite difficult. _________passed.
A. Someone B. Anybody C. Nobody D. Everybody
43. He has
________luck. Everything he does, he gains.
A. any B. some C. a little D. much
44. We have used
_________energy recently.
A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much too
45. He spoke
_______English, so it was difficult for him to communicate with people here.
A. many B. some C. little D.
much
46. The village was
small. There was ________ house.
A. many B. few C. little D. a
few
47. He isn’t very
popular. He has ________friends.
A. few B. some C. little D. a few
48.The museum was
too crowded. There _________people there.
A. is too much B. are too many C. a few D. few
49. __________
people are friendly.
A. some B. some of C. some of those D. some those
50.Both of them ________students at high
school now.
A. are B. is C. was D.
were
51. _________
restaurants we went to were expensive.
A. Neither of B. Neither of the C. None of D. Some of
52. Every seat in
the theater last night ________taken.
A. was B. were C. are D. is
53. Everybody
__________at the square yesterday.
A. has arrived B. have arrived C. arrived D. arrive
54.________time I
meet you. You look different.
A. each B. every C. some D. A and
B are right
55. ________was
given a book.
A. some students B. every students C. each students D.
each student
56.I would like to
visit ______country in the world.
A. some of B. every C. many D. a
lot of
57. In the football
match ______ has 11 players.
A. each B. every C. two teams D.it
58. The olympic
games are held ________four years.
A. each B. every C. one D.
once
59. Do you need _____?
A. a help B. any help C. any helps D. helps
60. That was a
very________story about the adventures in the tropical forests.
A. excitement B. excited C. exciting D. excite
61. The pupils are
very ______ because their school has won the basketball championship.
A. excitement B. excited C. exciting D. excite
62. ______should
pay more taxes.
A. Rich B. The rich C. The riches D. Richer
63. ______people I
know are worried about the environment.
A. Most B. The most C. Much D. The much
64. ______tall
you've grown!
A. What B. How C. How much D. How many
65. The film was
______ interesting that it could satisfy everybody.
A. too B. very C. so
D. such
66. My new job is
much ______
A. interesting B. interested C. interest D. interests
67. They felt
happy, and ______ did I.
A. either B. neither C. too D. so
68. Peter says he
doesn't see ______
A. somebody B. everybody C. anybody D. nobody
69. __________
don't like to read picture-books.
A. Some childs B. some of children C. some of the children D. some of the childs
70. It's _________
long time since he last saw his parents.
A. such a B. so C. very D. too
71. The audience
clapped their hands so _________ that the singer had to sing again.
A. many times B. much time C. very much D.
much
72. Our seats
were_________far from the stage that we couldn't see the actors andactresses
clearly.
A. very B. too C. enough D. so
73. I like Dalat.
What I like _______ living here is that it's fresh, quiet and beautiful.
A. more about B. most about C. more of D. most of
74. ________
players are there in a football team?
A. How much B. Many C. Do many D. How many
75. – How____ does
he run a day? -16 miles.
A. much B. far C. long D.
fast
76. He can't cook
well, and I can't_______,
A. too B. either C. neither D. so
77. The circus
shows are exciting that the whole family enjoy them.
A. so B. very C. too D.
such
78. I haven't had
an enjoyable evening for months.
A. such B. so C. much D. very
79. She was clever
that she could make a dress by hands.
A. much B. very C. so D.
such
80. Most of the
pupils are to pass the examination.
A. good enough B. too good C. very good D. good too
81. These piles of
books are cleaner than the others.
A. as B. very C. so
D. much
82. She is an
engineer nor an architect.
A. nor B. both C. neither D. either
83. That play was
for her to see again.
A. too interesting B. enough interesting C. interesting enough D. more interesting enough
84. The more we
study, the we are.
A. more good B. good C. well D. better
85. Mary can't
speak French
A. Either can Peter
B. Neither can't Peter C. Neither can Peter D. Peter can't neither
86. Everyone can in
this school activity.
A. take off B. take on C. take part D. take
87. we eat, the
fatter we become.
A. The much B. The more C. Many D. A lot
of
88. The lesson for
me to understand.
A. is very
difficult B. too difficult C. difficult too D. is too difficult
89. This exercise
is I must finish it as soon as possible.
A. very important so
B.
so important that C. too
important that D. enough important that
90. She was she
never had time to go out in the evening.
A. so busy that B. very busy C. busy enough D. busy so that
91. She didn’t eat
__________breakfast.
A. much B. many C. some D. any
92. There aren’t
______large glasses left.
A. some B. any C. much D. many
93. I have
seen________ of Minh recently.
A.a lot of B. any C. too much D. too many
94. Not
_______Denmark is hilly.
A.a lot of B. any of C. much of D. many of
95. You can’t see
much of a country in a week.
A. much of B. some of C. a lot of D. many of
96. I won’t pass
the exam. I have missed many of my lessons.
A. some of B. much of C. many of D. a lot of
97. He got
_______men friends, but he doesn’t know ________women.
A. lots of/ many B. much/ many C. many / many D.
many/ much
98. I don’t travel
much these days.
A. much B. some C. a lot D. many
99. ________strong
man has disheartened before such a challenge.
A. much a B. Some C. Many a D. Many
100. ________time
is needed to learn a language.
A. Any B. Some C. Much D. A lot
of
101. __________us
think it’s time for an election.
A. Lots of B. Lot of C. Much D. Many
102. ________cheese
is made from cow’s milk.
A. Most B. Some C. Much D. More
103. ________my friends
live abroad.
A. Many B. Some C. Much D. Most of
104. _________us
thought he was wrong.
A. Most of B. Some of C. Much of D. Many a
105. Thank you for
bringing me along. I never thought Shakespeare could be so ______fun.
A. many B. much C. few D. some
106. You should say
. ______and do ______
A. many / few B. much / little C. few / many D. little / much
107. Very ______
people knew about it.
A. few B. less C. much D.
little
108. He is a man of
______words.
A. less B. little C. fewer D. few
109. ______ heard
about the book, but ______. read it.
A. Many / few B. Much / little C. Many / little D. Few / Fewer
110. "Do you
know English?" "Just ______."
A. much B. many C. little D.
less
111. She has very
______ knowledge of the matter.
A. few B. little C. some D. many
112. The forces
were unequal, they were______we were ______
A. many / few B. much / little C. few / much D. little / much
113. We have
imported ______ computers this year than last year.
A. few B. less C. fewer D. many
114. There has been
______demand for computers this year than last year.
A. few B. little C. fewer D. more
115. ______in
Shanghai than in any other city in China.
A. More people live
B. More people living C. It has more people D. More living people
116. I've been to
the theater ______ of times.
A. much B.
a little C.
most of D.
few
117. But ______ of the plays I've seen are
modern.
A. a few of B. a little C. most D. many
118. When I studied
Shakespeare, I thought his plays were ______ boring.
A. a great deal of B. few C.
much D.
many
119. ______of
Shakespeare's plays are about history.
A. A few of B. Many C. Much D. A little
120. They spent
______ time studying Victorian literature.
A. few B. many C. a large
number of D. much
121. ______popular
expressions in our language have interesting background.
A. Little B. Many C. A large
number D. Much
122. At the
beginning everybody spoke English very quickly and I couldn't understand ______
But after ______ days, it is easier and ______ things I had learnt came back to
me.
A. much / a few /
many
B. a lot / little /
a lot
C. much / much / a
great number
D. many / a few /
many
123. Would you
like__________milk? Yes, please.
A. few B. any C. some D. much
124. ________ them
were at the meeting last night so they didn’t have knowledge about marketing
A. neither of B. any of C. many D. a lot of
125. ________my
friends live abroad.
A. Neither of B. Any of C. Many D. Most of
126. How
________money have you got in your pocket ?
A. a lot of B. any C. many D. much
127.I could speak
________words of Swedish, but I wasn’t very fluent.
A. a few B.a little C. few D.
little
128. Can you speak
French? Just ________
A. a few B. little C. few D. a
little
129. Very
________people were flying because of terrorist activities then.
A. few B. a little C. a few D.
little
130. He spent
________ of his time on his holidays.
A. much B. many C. a lot of D. little
Đáp án
Bài 1:
1. We didn’t buy any flowers.
2. This evening I’m going out with some friends of mine.
3. “Have you seen any good films recently?” – “No, I haven’t
been to the cinema for ages”.
4. I didn’t have any money, so I had to borrow some.
5. Can I have some milk in my coffee, please?
6. I was too tired to do any work.
Bài 2:
1. He isn’t very popular. He has few friends.
2. Ann is very busy these days. She has little free time.
3. Did you take many photographs when you were on holiday?
4. The museum was very crowded. There were too many people.
5. Most of the town is modern. There are few old buildings.
6. We must be quick. We have little time.
7. Listen carefully, I’m going to give you a little advice.
8. Do you mind if I ask you a few questions?
9. This town is not a very interesting place to visit, so
few tourists come here.
10. I don’t think Jill would be a good teacher. She’s got
little patience.
11. “Would you like milk in your coffee?” - “yes, please. A
little”
12. This is a very boring place to live. There’s little to
do.
Bài 3:
1. All cars have wheels.
2. None of this money is mine.
3. Some people get angry very easily.
4. Some of the people I met at the party were very
interesting.
5. I have lived in London most of my life.
6. Are any of those letters for me?
7. Most days I get up before 7 o’clock.
8. Jim thinks that all museums are boring.
Bài 4: 1. any, 2.
some, 3. any, 4. any/some, 5. some, 6. any
Bài 5: 1. few, 2.
little, 3. many, 4. many, 5. few, 6. little, 7. a little, 8. a few, 9. a few,
10. little, 11. a little, 12. little
Bài 6:
1. A 2. B 3. D 4.
A 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.B 9B 10C 11A 12C 13A 14D 15C 16D 17B 18D 19A 20B 21C 22B 23D 24C 25D 26A
27C 28B 29D 30A 31A 32A 33B 34D 35C 36B 37A
38B 39C 40A 41B 42C 43D
44C 45C 46D 47A 48B 49C 50A 51B 52A 53A 54A 55D 56A/B 57A 58B 59B 60C 61B 62B 63A 64B 65C 66A 67D 68C 69C 70A 71A 72D 73B 74D 75B 76B 77A 78A 79C 80A 81D 82C 83C 84D 85C 86C 87B 88D 89B 90A 91A 92D 93C 94C 95A 96C 97A 98A 99C 100D 101A 102A 103D 104D 105B 106D 107A 108D 109B
110C 111B 112A 113C 114D 115A 116D 117C 118C 119B 120D 121B 122A 123C 124A 125A 126D 127B 128D 129A 130A
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