A. So sánh thì hiện tại đơn
và hiện tại tiếp diễn
1. Hiện tại đơn
- Nói về các sự kiện một cách
tổng quát, lặp đi lặp lại
Tom plays tennis every
Saturday.
- Nói về các tình huống mang
tính ổn định
My parents live in London.
They have been there for 20 years.
2. Hiện tại tiếp diễn
- Nói về sự việc diễn ra ngay
tại lúc nói hoặc xung quanh lúc nói
The kettle is boiling. Can
you turn it off please?
Where is Tom? – He is playing
tennis.
- Nói về các tình huống mang
tính tạm thời
I’m living with some friends
until I can find a flat.
B. Thì hiện tại đơn, hiện tại
tiếp diễn, tương lai đơn, tương lai gần (với nghĩa tương lai)
1. Hiện tại đơn
- Thời khóa biểu, chương trình, lịch trình...
The football match starts at 8 o'clock.
2. Hiện tại tiếp diễn
- Nói về những việc đã dự định làm, lên kế hoạch, sắp xếp thực hiện
Are you playing football tomorrow?
3. Tương lai gần
- Nói về những việc dự định làm = HTTD
Are you going to play football tomorrow?
- Nói về những việc xảy ra trong tương lai gần, có dấu hiệu báo trước
Look at those black clouds! It's going to rain.
4. Tương lai đơn
- Lời hứa, ngỏ lời giúp ai
I will help you.
- Quyết định ngay lúc nói
I'll repair it tomorrow.
C. Thì tương lai tiếp diễn và tương lai hoàn thành
1. Tương lai tiếp diễn
- Nói về việc đang làm nửa chừng vào một thời điểm trong tương lai1. Tương lai tiếp diễn
You'll recognise her when you see her. She'll be wearing a yellow hat.
- TLTD = HTTD với nghĩa dự định làm, quyết định làm trong tương lai
I'll be going to the centre later.
- Dùng TLTD để hỏi về dự định của người khác, đặc biệt khi muốn cái gì đó
Will you be using your bicycle this evening?
2. Thì tương lai hoàn thành
- Nói về việc xảy ra trước 1 thời điểm trong tương lai
Next year is Ted and Amy's 25th wedding anniversary. they'll have been married for 25 years.
D. Hiện tại hoàn thành và hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
1. Hiện tại hoàn thành
- Chú ý đến kết quả của hành động. Hoàn thành hay chưa
The celling was white. Now it's blue. She has been painted the celling.
- Chúng ta dùng HTHT để nói về số lần mà chúng ta đã thực hiện hành động (how much, how many)
Ann has written ten letter today.
- Chúng ta dùng HTHT cho các tình huống tồn tại trong thời gian dài (nhất là khi dùng với always)
My father has always worked hard.
2. Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
- Chú ý đến bản thân hành động, việc nó hoàn thành hay chưa không quan trọng
Ann's clothes are in paint. She has been paiting the celling.
- Chúng ta dùng HTHTTD để nói về sự việc diễn ra trong bao lâu (How long)
Ann has been writing letters all day.
- Chúng ta dùng HTHTTD cho các tình huống tồn tại trong thời gian ngắn
John has been living in London since January.
E. Hiện tại hoàn thành và quá khứ đơn
1. Hiện tại hoàn thành
- Cho chúng ta biết điều có liên hệ với hiện tại
He has lost the key - anh ấy mất chìa và giờ vẫn chưa tìm được
- Dùng HTTH loan báo thông tin hoặc sự việc mới xảy ra
Ow! I've burnt myself.
2. Quá khứ đơn
- Cho chúng ta biết về quá khứ thôi
He lost the key. Chúng ta chỉ thông báo sự việc và không biết anh ấy đã tìm được chìa hay chưa
- Dùng HTTH loan báo thông tin hoặc sự việc mới xảy ra. Nhưng nếu bạn tiếp tục nói về nó, bạn dùng QKĐ
Luyện tập
1. I …….Louisiana state
University.
A-am attending B-attend C-was
attending D-attended
2. He has been selling
motorcycles……………
A-ten years ago B-since ten
years C-for ten years ago D-for ten years
3. Columbus…….America more then
400 years ago.
A-discovered B-has discovered
C-had discovered D-he has gone
4. He fell down when he
……towards the church.
A-run B-runs C-was running
D-had run
5. We …….there when our father
died.
A-still lived B-lived still
C-was still living D-were still living
6. They …….pingpong when their
father comes back home.
A- will play B-will be playing
C-play D-would play
7. By Christmas, I……..for you
for 6 months.
A-Shall have been working
B-shall work
C-have been working D-shall be
working
8. I…….in the room now.
A-am being B-was being C-have
been being D-am
9. I……..to New york three times
this year.
A-have been B-was C-were D-had
been
10. I will come and see you
before I……..for America.
A-leave B-will leave C-have
left D-shall leave
11. The little girl asked
what…..to her friend.
A-has happened B-happened C-had
happened D-would have been happened
12. John ……a book when I saw
him.
A-is reading B-read C-was
reading D-reading
13. He said he…….return later.
A-will B-would C-can D-would be
14. Jack …..the door.
A-has just opened B-open C-will
have opened D-opening
15. I have been waiting for
you……….
A-since early morning B-since 9
a.m C-for two hours D-all are correct
16. My sister…….for you since
yesterday.
A- is looking B-was looking
C-has been looking D-looked
17. Jack……the door.
A-has just painted B-paint
C-will have painted D-painting
18. The train ………half an hour.
A-has been leaving B-left C-has
lelt D-had lelt
19. We ………Doris since last
Sunday.
A-don’t see B-haven’t seen
C-didn’t see D-hadn’t seen
20. When I last saw him,
he…….in London.
A-has lived B-is living C-was
living D-has been living
21. After I………lunch, I looked
for my bag.
A-had B-had had C-have has
D-have had
22-By the end of next year,
Geoge………English for 2 years.
A- will have learned B-will
learn C-has learned D-would learn
23-The man got out the car
,………round to the back and opened the boot.
A-walking B-walked C-walks
D-walk
24-For several years his
ambition………to be a pilot.
a-is B-has been C-was D-had
been
25-Henry ………into the restaurant
when the writer was having dinner.
A-was going B-went C-has gone
D-did go
26-He will take the dog out for
a walk as soon as he …….dinner.
A-finish B-finishes C-will
finish D-shall have finished
27-Before you asked, the
letter……….
A- was written B-had been
written C-had written D-has been written
28-Ask her to come and see me
when she ………her work.
A-finish B-has finished
C-finished D-finishing
29-Oil ……if you pour it on
water.
A-floated B-floats C-will be
floated D-float
30-The dancing club……..north of
the city.
A-lays B-lies C-located D-lain
31- Almost everyone……for home
by the time we arrived.
A-leave B-left C-leaves D-had
left
32-By the age of 25, he …….two
famous novels.
A- wrote B-writes C-has written
D-had written
33-While her husband was in the
army, Janet ……. to him twice a week.
A-was writing B-wrote C-was
written D-had written
34-I couldn’t cut the grass
because the machine…….. a few days previously.
A-broke down B-has been broken
C-had broken down D-breaks down
35-According to this newspaper,
John is said………a new record for the long jump.
A-to have established
B-establishing C-to establish D-established
36-I
have never played badminton before.This is the first time I……..to play.
A-try B-tried C-have tried D-am
trying
37-Since……,I have heard nothing
from him.
A-he had left B-he left C-he
has left D-he was left
38-I like looking at these
pictures, but I……..enough by lunch time.
A-should have B-will have
C-will have had D-have
39-I don’t understand this
sentence.What…………………….?
A-does mean this word B-have
this word mean
C-means this word D-does this
word mean
40-John……..tennis once or twice
a week.
A-usually play B-is usually
playing C-usually plays D-have usually played
41-It was noisy next door. Our
neighbors……..a party.
A-had B-were having C-had had
D-have had
42-It……..dark.Shall I turn on
the light?
A-is getting B-get C-got D-has
got
43-I …….for Christine. Do you
know where she is?
A-look B-looked C-am looking
D-looks
44-At 5 o’clock yesterday
evening, I………my clothes.
A-am ironing B-have ironed
C-ironed D-was ironing
45-“Are you ready ,Ann?”
“Yes,I……………”
A-am coming B-come C-came
D-have came
46-Why ……..at me like
that?What’s the matter?
A-do you look B-have you looked
C-did you look D-are you looking
47-I……..along the street when I
suddenly heard footsteps behind me.
A-was walking B-am walking
C-walk D-walked
48-She ……..German for two
years.
A-has learnt B-is learning
C-learn D-learns
49-I usually …….away at
weekends.
A-have gone B-goes C-am going
D-go
50-The earth……… round the sun.
A-go B-has gone C-went D-goes
51-I come from Canada.Where
……..you ……..from?
A-do/come B-did/ come C-are
coming D-have/come
52-When I last………Jane,she
……..to find a job.
A-see/was trying B-saw/was
trying C-have seen/tried D-saw/tried
53-I……….at 8 o’clock every
morning.
A-was getting up B-got up C-is
getting up D-get up
54-………..you go to the dentist?
A-how
often are B-how often do C-how often does D-how are
55-Ann……..tea very often.
A-doesn’t drink B-don’t drink
C-didn’t drink D-hasn’t drunken
56-The sun……….in the East.
A- is rising B-rose C-has risen
D-rises
57-It is a nice day.I ……….we go
out for a walk.
A-suggested B-suggest C-is
suggesting D-are suggesting
58-Tim was tired.He ……….hard
all day.
A-has been studying B-studies
C-studied D-had been studying
59-Bad driving often…….many
accidents.
A-caused B-had caused C-causes
D-has cause
60-The Olympic Games…….every
four years.
A-take place B-takes place
C-took place D-is taking place
61-What time…..the banks close
in Britain?
A-do B-did C-does D-can
62-Look!That man………..to open
the door of your car.
A-try B-tried C-is trying D-has
tried
63-When I was young,I ………to be
a singer.
A-want B-was wanting C-wanted
D-had wanted
64-They……..me about it last
week.
A-was telling B-told C-had told
D-would tell
65-I……..here at the end of the
month.
A-will leave B-would leave
C-would have left D-is leaving
66-My grandfather………many years
ago.
A-had died B-has died C-died
D-was dying
67-I…………..my son the money for
that last week.
A-gave B-given C-have given
D-was given
68-Yesterday I passed by
Peter’s house, but the front door was closed.He …..out.
A-went B-must have gone C-has
gone D-had had
69-I……..the dishwasher on when
heard the shot.
A-A-am turning B-was turning
C-was turning D-turned
70-There was a time when
watching TV really……….family entertainment.
A-were B-was C-had been D-is
71-Last year, they ……….22
million TV sets.
A-were selling B-had sold C-has
sold D-sold
72-At last the bus came.We
………..for half an hour.
A-waited B-was waiting C-have
waited D-had been waiting
73-Daniel……the
bus.It doesn’t run on Sundays.
A-did not catch B-have not
caught C-had not caught D-couldn’t have caught
74-I’m feeling sick.I……..so
much chocolate last night.
A-needn’t to eat B-did not eat
C-musn’t eat D-shouldn’t have eaten
75-I’m going on holiday on
Saturday.This time next week I……on a beach in the sea.
A-will lie B-am lying Cwill be
lying D-should be lying
76-Ted and Amy……for 24 years.
A-have been married B-married
C-were married D-has been married
77-Tomorrow I……….my
grandparents
A-am going to visit B-will have
visited C-have visited D-visit
78-When the first child was
born, they……..married for three years.
A-have been married B-had been
married
C-will been married D-will have
been married
79-I think the weather……….nice
later.
A-will be B-be C-had D- has
been
80-She ……..very angry when she
knows this.
A-shall be B-has been C-will
have been D-will be
Đáp án
1-A
2-B 3-A 4-C 5-D 6-B 7-A 8-D 9-A 10-A 11-C 12-C 13-B
14-A
15-D 16-C 17-A 18-B 19-B 20-C
21-B 22-A 23-B 24-B 25-B 26-B 27-B
28-B
29-B 30-B 31-D 32-D 33-B 34-C
35-A 36-C 37-B 38-C 39-D 40-C 41-B
42-A
43-C 44-D 45-A 46-D 47-A 48-A
49-D 50-D 51-A 52-B 53-D 54-B 55-A
56-D
57-B 58-D 59-C 60-B 61-A 62-C
63-C 64-B 65-A 66-C 67-A 68-B 69-C
70-B
71-D 72-D 73-D 74-D 75-C 76-A
77-A 78-B 79-A 80-D
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